Our eyes capture brightness in a disproportional way, for example, if a camera captures an image and it is exceedingly bright, we will perceive the light as being only a fraction brighter. Gamma correction is needed to adjust images in response to the properties of human vision, in order to produce true color.
A red pixel with a value of 192 would be three quarters of the possible brightness with a red pixel with a value of 10 would be extremely dark.
When applying this range to color (RGB) colors can be produced at various brightness levels, while not affecting the color hue. Due to the imbalance, gamma is used to ensure the input relationship matches the desktop output. If the image is processed and displayed on a desktop without gamma correction, it will then be perceived by the user as being washed out or too bright. Our eyes capture brightness in a disproportional way, for example, if a camera captures an image in an extremely bright setting, our eyes perceive the light as being only a fraction brighter. Our normal vision (not excessively dark or exceedingly bright conditions) is more sensitive to changes in dark tones and due to the capture process of an image, color can be misrepresented, as a result of the difference in how we perceive brightness and the luminance, from when the original image was captured. Pixels have values that range between 0 (black) to 255 (white) with various degrees of grey in between. In a more technical sense, it is the correction of brightness in an image’s color through color shading balance in a pixel‘s value. In current LCD monitors, Gamma can be thought of as the moderator of the relationship between the brightness of the data captured (input) and how that affects the total human eye perception of color (output) while viewing the display, in terms of color brightness.
Gamma, previously in CRT and early LCD monitors, was directly linked to voltage and was an important factor in reproducing images accurately on displays.
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